In the United States, what sector consumes the greatest portion of the nation’s total energy?
- transportation
- homes and offices
- industry
- mining
- solid waste management
A device that initiates and maintains a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction to produce energy for electricity is a
- geothermal nuclear apparatus.
- nuclear combustion chamber.
- nuclear reactor.
- nuclear electric engine.
- electrical fusion device.
Negative environmental impacts from oil and natural gas production may occur due to
- release of oxides in combustion emissions.
- accidental spills at extraction sites and during transport.
- erosion and landslides during withdrawal of resources.
- improper storage and disposal of spent fuel.
- unintentional release of methane into atmosphere.
At oil refineries, heated crude oil is separated into different products based on ___.
- water solubility
- density
- boiling points
- sulfur content
- energy potential
Nuclear energy is released
- by splitting two electrons.
- by joining a proton with a neutron.
- by breaking a chemical bond between two atoms.
- by splitting an atomic nucleus into two smaller fragments.
- by combustion of uranium ore.
All of the following are health issues resulting from exposure to the Chernobyl fallout except
- abnormally large birth weights of newborns.
- increased incidences of leukemia.
- increased incidences of thyroid cancer.
- abnormalities of the immune system.
- greater frequency of birth defects.
Where was the most serious global nuclear power plant accident in 1986?
- San Onofre, CA
- Love Canal, NY
- Al-Jahra, Kuwait
- Chernobyl, Ukraine
- Three Mile Island, PA
Which of the following parts of a typical nuclear power plant is incorrectly matched with its function?
- reactor core: where fission occurs
- steam generator: heats liquid water from energy produced by nuclear fission
- combustion engine: enrichment of uranium ore
- turbine: uses steam to generate electricity
- condenser: cools the steam converting it back to liquid
The major reason that global energy consumption is increasing is that
- the world’s population growth is slowing.
- global energy reserves are increasing.
- highly developed countries are using more energy as products are electronic.
- developing countries are using more energy as standards of living improve.
- decreases in energy efficiency of products result in greater energy consumption.
Which of the following is an example of high-level radioactive waste?
- glassware giving off small amounts of ionizing radiation
- paper contaminated by radioactivity
- reactor coolant fluid
- lab coat used in an area where radioactive material is present
- filters from sampling devices that test for radioactive contamination
What is a clean coal technology designed to do?
- reduce acid mine drainage
- decrease the cost of electricity
- decrease air pollution
- protect the health of coal miners
- restore the environment after coal has been mined
Which of the following activities is mismatched with its environmental consequence?
- surface mining: acid mine drainage polluting rivers
- coal-burning electric plants: acid deposition destroying forests
- mountaintop removal mining: mine tailings and debris filling valleys
- strip mining: oil spills killing wildlife
- burning fossil fuels: release of CO2, a potent greenhouse gas
According to the U.S. map below of average daily total of annual solar energy, which state is least suited for producing electricity from solar energy?
- Nebraska
- New York
- New Mexico
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
The Hearst Tower in New York was designed to achieve a degree of energy efficiency 26% higher than that of standard office buildings earning
- A Solar Standard Achievement Award.
- A U.S. Green Building grant.
- Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification.
- An “A” low-toxicity compliance rating.
- The Energy Star qualified building designation.
Tidal energy cannot become a significant resource worldwide because
- the accompanying tidal waves cause too much environmental destruction.
- the equipment required to harness this energy is not yet.
- few areas have large enough differences in water level between high and low tides to make power generation feasible.
- sand damages the equipment.
- tidal energy can become a significant resource worldwide.
All of the following have potential to produce geothermal energy except
- volcanoes.
- geysers.
- hot springs.
- tides.
- deep ocean hydrothermal vents.
Where does the energy needed to run a geothermal plant in California originate?
- solar
- subsurface coal mining
- photovoltaic cell
- geysers
- volcanism
What type of solar energy system is illustrated below?
- passive solar heating system
- photovoltaic solar cell system
- solar thermal electric generation
- solar-generated hydrogen fuel cell
- radiant energy convection solar heating system
Biomass is composed of
- nonrenewable materials.
- liquid chemicals.
- greenhouse gases.
- soil and water.
- organic material from plants and animals.
According to the definition of biomass, which of the following cannot be considered a biomass fuel?
- charcoal
- hydrogen
- wood
- animal dung
- peat
Energy efficiency is defined as
- energy that escapes in an unusable form.
- energy in bonds broken (minus) energy in bonds formed.
- using fossil fuels instead of renewable alternative energy.
- using less energy to accomplish a given task, by using new technology, for example.
- using less energy by reducing energy use and waste, for example.
In rural areas of developing countries, photovoltaic cells are used for all of the following purposes except
- charging batteries.
- heating hot water heaters.
- providing refrigeration for vaccines.
- grinding grain.
- pumping water.
The diagram below is an energy efficient technology called
- a biogas digester.
- unlimited renewable energy for consumers.
- energy star labeling program (ESLP).
- cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP).
- mass-to-energy system.
Geothermal energy
- is derived from solar energy.
- is rises is sea surface temperature.
- is a byproduct of subsurface mining operations.
- capitalizes on Earth’s internal temperature.
- is generated through earthquakes.
Electric meters can run backward for homeowners participating in net metering. What does this mean?
- homeowners receive meter credit for excess energy they generate and supply to the utility’s power grid
- the up front costs for installing renewable energy is recovered by rewinding the home’s electric meter
- if a homeowner uses less energy in one month than the previous month, then the difference is subtracted from the electric meter
- homeowners who voluntarily cut back on air conditioning use are granted an electric credit
- a radio controlled electric meter for remote monitoring allows the utility company to stop the meter during peak demand periods
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